Main Article Content
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan hukum pemerasan melalui media sosial berdasarkan KUHP dan UU ITE, dan menilai efektivitas penegakan hukumnya dalam menghadapi bentuk-bentuk pemerasan digital yang semakin berkembang. Penelitian ini mengkaji tingkat perlindungan hukum yang diterima korban di tengah meningkatnya kasus pemerasan berbasis ancaman penyebaran konten pribadi.
Metode Penelitian: Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis kualitatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin hukum pidana, teori cybercrime, dan viktimologi. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi relevansi norma hukum terhadap karakteristik kejahatan digital yang bersifat anonim, cepat, dan sulit dibuktikan.
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUHP belum mampu menjangkau pemerasan digital karena fokusnya pada ancaman fisik, UU ITE lebih sesuai, namun masih menghadapi kendala teknis, seperti kesulitan pembuktian elektronik, sulitnya pelacakan pelaku yang menggunakan akun palsu, dan rendahnya literasi digital masyarakat. Perlindungan terhadap korban dinilai belum optimal karena regulasi lebih menitikberatkan pada pemidanaan pelaku.
Implikasi: Implikasi penelitian menegaskan perlunya harmonisasi regulasi, peningkatan kapasitas aparat dalam digital forensics, serta peningkatan literasi digital masyarakat. Penguatan perlindungan korban dan mekanisme pelaporan lebih ramah menjadi kebutuhan mendesak agar penegakan hukum pemerasan digital dapat berjalan lebih efektif dan adaptif.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
- Buku
- Arief, B. N. (2018). Kebijakan hukum pidana. Kencana.
- Bainbridge, D. I. (2018). Introduction to information technology law (8th ed.). Pearson.
- Brenner, S. W. (2010). Cybercrime: Criminal threats from cyberspace. Praeger.
- Chazawi, A. (2013). Tindak pidana pornografi. Bayumedia Publishing.
- Clough, J. (2015). Principles of cybercrime (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139942475
- Hamzah, A. (2017). Delik-delik tertentu (speciale delicten) di dalam KUHP. Sinar Grafika.
- Ilyas, A. (2012). Asas-asas hukum pidana. Rangkang Education & PuKAP Indonesia.
- Kenedi, J. (2020). Perlindungan saksi dan korban: Studi perlindungan hukum korban kejahatan dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Pustaka Pelajar.
- Lamintang, P. A. F. (2010). Dasar-dasar hukum pidana Indonesia. Citra Aditya Bakti.
- Maskun. (2013). Kejahatan siber (Cyber crime): Suatu pengantar. Kencana.
- Sudarto. (2012). Hukum pidana I. Yayasan Sudarto.
- Waluyo, B. (2012). Viktimologi: Perlindungan korban & saksi. Sinar Grafika.
- Wall, D. S. (2007). Cybercrime: The transformation of crime in the information age. Polity Press.
- Wibowo, A., & Yulianingsih, S. (2023). Hukum teknologi informasi. Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik.
- Yar, M., & Steinmetz, K. F. (2019). Cybercrime and society (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Artikel Jurnal
- Ahmad, R. F. (2023). Criminal acts for event organizers online game tournament organizers who receive sponsorship from online gambling sites based on Indonesian criminal law. Trunojoyo Law Review, 5(2), 162–174. https://doi.org/10.21107/tlr.v5i2.20942
- Ball, M., Bouhours, B., & Broadhurst, R. G. (2024). Online paedophiles and the criminal justice experience: A qualitative perspective. Child Abuse & Neglect, 155, 106996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106996
- Battisti, M., Kauppinen, I., & Rude, B. (2024). Breaking the silence: The effects of online social movements on gender-based violence. European Journal of Political Economy, 85, 102598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102598
- Cabilan, C. J., Judge, C., Field, R. M., Eley, R. M., & Johnston, A. N. B. (2023). Tougher laws, too few prosecutions? A mixed methods study of nurses’ experiences regarding the reporting of occupational violence to the police. Collegian, 30(5), 686–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2023.08.003
- Carvalho, M. J. L. (2022). Social media in juvenile delinquency practices: Uses and unlawful acts recorded in youth justice in Portugal. Comunicação e Sociedade, 42, 157–177. https://doi.org/10.17231/COMSOC.42(2022).3988
- Ende, J. (2025). Don’t throw the baby out with the bathwater: Protecting children against CSAM deepfakes without banning AI technology. Family Court Review, 63(2), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcre.12854
- Fore, M., & Stevenson, E. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on overall well-being of practicing lawyers. PLOS ONE, 18, e0282836. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282836
- Januarditama, P. A. J., Wiryawan, I. W. G., Artajaya, I. W. E., & Sutrisni, N. K. (2024). The effectiveness of sanctions on social media pornography content. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 5235–5240. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00385
- Judson, E., Kira, B., & Howard, J. W. (2024). The bypass strategy: Platforms, the Online Safety Act and future of online speech. Journal of Media Law, 16(2), 336–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2024.2361524
- Kadir, A. J. A., Pawennei, M., & Asriati. (2024). Implementasi UU ITE dalam rangka pemberantasan tindak pidana pemerasan dalam dunia digital. Journal of Lex Philosophy, 5(2), 1509–1518. https://jurnal.fh.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/jlp
- Kalu, N., Ross, M. W., Taegtmeyer, M. M., Lamontagne, E., Howell, S., & Neuman, M. (2024). Association of same-sex criminalisation laws and national HIV policies with HIV testing in African MSM: An ecological single-level and multilevel cross-sectional study of sub-Saharan African countries. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 100(3), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2023-055964
- Santini, V. (2025). Visual representation of armed conflict-related deaths and the evolving standards of protecting the dignity of the deceased. International Review of the Red Cross, 107(929), 747–768. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1816383125100593
- Saputra, I. R., Sapada, R. R. A., Dzuqarnain, A., & Suprapto. (2025). Pengaruh media sosial terhadap peningkatan kejahatan siber dan tantangan penegakan hukum pidana. Jurnal Litigasi Amsir, 12(3), 250–262. https://journal.amsir.ac.id/index.php/litigasi
- Virat, M., Flett, G. L., Massez, L., & Przygodzki-Lionet, N. (2024). Low sense of mattering in society and delinquency among young people: An initial investigation. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 34(6), 494–509. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.2356
- White, E. (2024). Closing cases with open-source: Facilitating the use of user-generated open-source evidence in international criminal investigations through the creation of a standing investigative mechanism. Leiden Journal of International Law, 37(1), 228–250. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156523000444
- Williams, C., & Ledovskyte, I. (2025). Judging the unseen: The impact of onset controllability in shaping perceptions of defendants with traumatic brain injury. PLOS ONE, 20, e0323637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323637
- Wuysang, J. M., Rohani, S., Patriani, I., & Zawawi, A. A. (2024). Viral justice: Law enforcement in the social media era. Nurani, 24(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v24i1.22274
- Perundang-undangan
- Republik Indonesia. (1946). Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 tentang Peraturan Hukum Pidana (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana).
- Republik Indonesia. (1981). Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana.
- Republik Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.
- Republik Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban.
- Republik Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik.
- Republik Indonesia. (2022). Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi.
- Republik Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
- Republik Indonesia. (2024). Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
References
Buku
Arief, B. N. (2018). Kebijakan hukum pidana. Kencana.
Bainbridge, D. I. (2018). Introduction to information technology law (8th ed.). Pearson.
Brenner, S. W. (2010). Cybercrime: Criminal threats from cyberspace. Praeger.
Chazawi, A. (2013). Tindak pidana pornografi. Bayumedia Publishing.
Clough, J. (2015). Principles of cybercrime (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139942475
Hamzah, A. (2017). Delik-delik tertentu (speciale delicten) di dalam KUHP. Sinar Grafika.
Ilyas, A. (2012). Asas-asas hukum pidana. Rangkang Education & PuKAP Indonesia.
Kenedi, J. (2020). Perlindungan saksi dan korban: Studi perlindungan hukum korban kejahatan dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Pustaka Pelajar.
Lamintang, P. A. F. (2010). Dasar-dasar hukum pidana Indonesia. Citra Aditya Bakti.
Maskun. (2013). Kejahatan siber (Cyber crime): Suatu pengantar. Kencana.
Sudarto. (2012). Hukum pidana I. Yayasan Sudarto.
Waluyo, B. (2012). Viktimologi: Perlindungan korban & saksi. Sinar Grafika.
Wall, D. S. (2007). Cybercrime: The transformation of crime in the information age. Polity Press.
Wibowo, A., & Yulianingsih, S. (2023). Hukum teknologi informasi. Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik.
Yar, M., & Steinmetz, K. F. (2019). Cybercrime and society (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Artikel Jurnal
Ahmad, R. F. (2023). Criminal acts for event organizers online game tournament organizers who receive sponsorship from online gambling sites based on Indonesian criminal law. Trunojoyo Law Review, 5(2), 162–174. https://doi.org/10.21107/tlr.v5i2.20942
Ball, M., Bouhours, B., & Broadhurst, R. G. (2024). Online paedophiles and the criminal justice experience: A qualitative perspective. Child Abuse & Neglect, 155, 106996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106996
Battisti, M., Kauppinen, I., & Rude, B. (2024). Breaking the silence: The effects of online social movements on gender-based violence. European Journal of Political Economy, 85, 102598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102598
Cabilan, C. J., Judge, C., Field, R. M., Eley, R. M., & Johnston, A. N. B. (2023). Tougher laws, too few prosecutions? A mixed methods study of nurses’ experiences regarding the reporting of occupational violence to the police. Collegian, 30(5), 686–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2023.08.003
Carvalho, M. J. L. (2022). Social media in juvenile delinquency practices: Uses and unlawful acts recorded in youth justice in Portugal. Comunicação e Sociedade, 42, 157–177. https://doi.org/10.17231/COMSOC.42(2022).3988
Ende, J. (2025). Don’t throw the baby out with the bathwater: Protecting children against CSAM deepfakes without banning AI technology. Family Court Review, 63(2), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcre.12854
Fore, M., & Stevenson, E. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on overall well-being of practicing lawyers. PLOS ONE, 18, e0282836. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282836
Januarditama, P. A. J., Wiryawan, I. W. G., Artajaya, I. W. E., & Sutrisni, N. K. (2024). The effectiveness of sanctions on social media pornography content. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 5235–5240. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00385
Judson, E., Kira, B., & Howard, J. W. (2024). The bypass strategy: Platforms, the Online Safety Act and future of online speech. Journal of Media Law, 16(2), 336–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2024.2361524
Kadir, A. J. A., Pawennei, M., & Asriati. (2024). Implementasi UU ITE dalam rangka pemberantasan tindak pidana pemerasan dalam dunia digital. Journal of Lex Philosophy, 5(2), 1509–1518. https://jurnal.fh.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/jlp
Kalu, N., Ross, M. W., Taegtmeyer, M. M., Lamontagne, E., Howell, S., & Neuman, M. (2024). Association of same-sex criminalisation laws and national HIV policies with HIV testing in African MSM: An ecological single-level and multilevel cross-sectional study of sub-Saharan African countries. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 100(3), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2023-055964
Santini, V. (2025). Visual representation of armed conflict-related deaths and the evolving standards of protecting the dignity of the deceased. International Review of the Red Cross, 107(929), 747–768. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1816383125100593
Saputra, I. R., Sapada, R. R. A., Dzuqarnain, A., & Suprapto. (2025). Pengaruh media sosial terhadap peningkatan kejahatan siber dan tantangan penegakan hukum pidana. Jurnal Litigasi Amsir, 12(3), 250–262. https://journal.amsir.ac.id/index.php/litigasi
Virat, M., Flett, G. L., Massez, L., & Przygodzki-Lionet, N. (2024). Low sense of mattering in society and delinquency among young people: An initial investigation. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 34(6), 494–509. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.2356
White, E. (2024). Closing cases with open-source: Facilitating the use of user-generated open-source evidence in international criminal investigations through the creation of a standing investigative mechanism. Leiden Journal of International Law, 37(1), 228–250. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156523000444
Williams, C., & Ledovskyte, I. (2025). Judging the unseen: The impact of onset controllability in shaping perceptions of defendants with traumatic brain injury. PLOS ONE, 20, e0323637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323637
Wuysang, J. M., Rohani, S., Patriani, I., & Zawawi, A. A. (2024). Viral justice: Law enforcement in the social media era. Nurani, 24(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v24i1.22274
Perundang-undangan
Republik Indonesia. (1946). Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 tentang Peraturan Hukum Pidana (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana).
Republik Indonesia. (1981). Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana.
Republik Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.
Republik Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban.
Republik Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Republik Indonesia. (2022). Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi.
Republik Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Republik Indonesia. (2024). Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.