Main Article Content
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk tindak pidana dan penerapan sanksi pidana atas penyebaran informasi bohong terhadap Presiden melalui media sosial dalam konteks hukum nasional dan demokrasi Indonesia. Hipotesis yang dibangun adalah bahwa sanksi pidana dapat menjadi instrumen efektif untuk melindungi martabat Presiden sekaligus menjamin kebebasan berekspresi dalam sistem demokrasi.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan kasus, melalui studi pustaka terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin hukum, serta putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan yurisprudensi yang relevan.
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran hoaks terhadap Presiden dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana yang diatur dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, dengan ancaman pidana yang cukup signifikan. Namun demikian, penerapannya harus mempertimbangkan prinsip demokrasi, kejelasan unsur delik, dan asas proporsionalitas.
Implikasi: Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah pentingnya penyelarasan antara perlindungan hukum terhadap Presiden sebagai simbol negara dan penghormatan terhadap hak konstitusional warga negara. Studi ini merekomendasikan pembaruan hukum pidana siber serta peningkatan literasi digital untuk memperkuat keadilan hukum dan ketahanan demokrasi.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
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- Giannelos, K. (2023). Recommendations for a Healthy Digital Public Sphere. Journal of Media Ethics, 38(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2023.2193970
- Hartanto, D. (2020). Sociology Review of Social Phenomenon, Social Rules and Social Technology. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 1175–1184. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.958
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- Hidayah, A., & Marsitiningsih, M. (2020). Aspek Hukum Perlindungan Data Konsumen E-Commerce. Kosmik Hukum, 20(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i1.8251
- Ilyas, Ichsan, N., Nasir, C., Hasmiati Attas, N., & Saputra, T. E. (2022). Restorative Justice Institutions Model for Resolving Problems and Conflicts in Mining Businesses and Environmental Management. Journal of Indonesian Scholars for Social Research, 2(2), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.59065/jissr.v2i2.145
- Imanuel, T., Warjio, & Fauzan, I. (2023). Analysis of Freedom of Expression in the Digital Age in the Issue of Electronic Information and Transaction Law in Indonesia. PERSPEKTIF, 12(4), 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v12i4.9875
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- Marwan, A., Garduño, D. O.-C., & Bonfigli, F. (2022). Detection of Digital Law Issues and Implication for Good Governance Policy in Indonesia. BESTUUR, 10(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i1.59143
- Pujiyono, P., Pranoto, P., Pati, U. K., & Tejomurti, K. (2021). The Prevention of The Hoaxes Spreads in Papua. Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Hukum, 6(2), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.22515/alahkam.v6i2.3997
- Rambe, R. F. A. K., Sihombing, M. A. A., & Winata P, N. (2024). Implikasi Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Hukum Pidana. Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum, 11(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.31289/jiph.v11i1.11182
- Saputra, T. E. (2024). Penggunaan Rekam Medis Elektronik dalam Mewujudkan Perlindungan Hukum Keamanan Data Pribadi Pasien. Fundamental: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 13(2), 57–75. https://doi.org/10.34304/jf.v13i2.276
- Sari, A. P., Munawar, A., & Rahmathoni, L. Y. (2023). Analisis Hukum terhadap Perlindungan Whistleblower dalam Mendukung Kebebasan Berpendapat di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 4(7). https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v4i7.791
- Sari, I., & Zamzani, D. (2021). Cybercrime As a Potential Criminal Act of Violation the ITE Law on Social Media: A Forensic Linguistic Study in Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 11(9), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.11.09.2021.p11747
- Shinta Utami Nur Agustin, I., & Michael, T. (2022). Pencemaran Nama Baik Oleh Warganet Dalam Pasal 27 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. COURT REVIEW: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum (e-ISSN: 2776-1916), 2(04), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.69957/cr.v2i04.354
- Tjoneng, A. (2020). Implementation Law Issues Of Supreme Court Regulation No. 4 Of 2019 About Perma Revision No. 2 Of 2015 About Small Calim Court Resolution Procedures And Its Settlement Efforts. Veteran Law Review, 3(2), 94. https://doi.org/10.35586/velrev.v3i2.2110
- Utama, T. S. J. (2020). ‘Hukum Yang Hidup’ Dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (Kuhp): Antara Akomodasi Dan Negasi. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 49(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.49.1.2020.14-25
- Widiastutik, S., Pradhana, A. A. S., & Aryani, I. G. A. I. (2022). Building a National Commitment Against Hoax Threats for Indonesian Sovereignty. Journal of Digital Law and Policy, 1(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.58982/jdlp.v1i3.249
- Widodo, W., Budoyo, S., Windi Pratama, T. G., & Soeprijanto, T. (2019). HOAX DI INDONESIA : SUATU KAJIAN. Jurnal Meta Yuridis, 69–79. https://doi.org/10.26877/m-y.v2i2.4691
- Winata, M. R., Sinaga, E. M. C., Sabila, S., & Yulistyaputri, R. (2020). Criminal Legal Policy And Unconstitutionality On Contempt Of Ruler Or Public Body. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 9(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.9.1.2020.71-98
- Yilmaz, I., Triwibowo, W., Bachtiar, H., & Barton, G. (2024). Competing Populisms, Digital Technologies and the 2024 Elections in Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.55271/pp0029
- Yvonny, Y., & Alhakim, A. (2022). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Atas Maraknya Tindak Penipuan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Melalui SMS di Indonesia. Wajah Hukum, 6(2), 258. https://doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v6i2.930
- Zolotar, O. O., Zaitsev, M. M., Topolnitskyi, V. V., Bieliakov, K. I., & Koropatnik, I. M. (2022). Prospects and Current Status of Defence Information Security in Ukraine. Hasanuddin Law Review, 8(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v8i1.3582
References
Aka Akbar, R., Mulyana, A., & Amalia, M. (2023). Legal Challenges In The Age Of Social Media: Protecting Citizens From Misuse Of Information. Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review, 3(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.52970/grlspr.v3i1.328
Anggraeny, I., Monique, C., Puspitasari Wardoyo, Y., & Bhirini Slamet, A. (2022). The Urgency of Establishing Guidelines for Handling Cybercrime Cases in the Indonesian National Police Department. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i15.12107
Anwar, R., Faisal, F., & Agustin, R. A. (2021). Perspective Of Religious Justice In The Formulation Of Penal Reform. Cepalo, 5(1), 53–64. https://doi.org/10.25041/cepalo.v5no1.2240
Aswandi, B., & Roisah, K. (2019). Negara Hukum Dan Demokrasi Pancasila Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 1(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i1.128-145
Aziz, F., Mayasari, N., Sabhan, S., Zulkifli, Z., & Yasin, M. F. (2022). The Future of Human Rights in the Digital Age: Indonesian Perspectives and Challenges. Journal of Digital Law and Policy, 2(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.58982/jdlp.v2i1.292
Cahya Yudiana, T., Dewi Rosadi, S., & Soerjati Priowirjanto, E. (2022). The Urgency of Doxing on Social Media Regulation and the Implementation of Right to Be Forgotten on Related Content for the Optimization of Data Privacy Protection in Indonesia. PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law), 9(1), 24–45. https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v9n1.a2
Chen, Z., & Yuan, J. (2023). From the Traditional Rule of Law to the Intelligent Rule of Law: The Approach to the Rule of Law from the New Technology Revolution Perspective. Chinese Studies, 12(01), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.4236/chnstd.2023.121006
Giannelos, K. (2023). Recommendations for a Healthy Digital Public Sphere. Journal of Media Ethics, 38(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2023.2193970
Hartanto, D. (2020). Sociology Review of Social Phenomenon, Social Rules and Social Technology. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 1175–1184. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.958
Hernacka-Janikowska, A. M. (2020). Znieważenie symboli i znaków państwowych – aspekty prawno-politologiczne. Studia Prawnoustrojowe, 47. https://doi.org/10.31648/sp.5270
Hidayah, A., & Marsitiningsih, M. (2020). Aspek Hukum Perlindungan Data Konsumen E-Commerce. Kosmik Hukum, 20(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i1.8251
Ilyas, Ichsan, N., Nasir, C., Hasmiati Attas, N., & Saputra, T. E. (2022). Restorative Justice Institutions Model for Resolving Problems and Conflicts in Mining Businesses and Environmental Management. Journal of Indonesian Scholars for Social Research, 2(2), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.59065/jissr.v2i2.145
Imanuel, T., Warjio, & Fauzan, I. (2023). Analysis of Freedom of Expression in the Digital Age in the Issue of Electronic Information and Transaction Law in Indonesia. PERSPEKTIF, 12(4), 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v12i4.9875
Kurnianingsih, M., Purwanto, P., Handono, I. A., Sima, M. N. N., Kusumaningrum, Y., & Nimasari, E. P. (2021). Sosialisasi Penerapan UU ITE Untuk Penggunaan Media Sosial di Desa Singopuran Kecamatan Kartasura Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Jurnal Altifani Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(3), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.25008/altifani.v1i3.148
Luthfi, H. (2021). Penerapan Asas Ultimum Remidium Dalam Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Undang-Undang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. Yurispruden, 4(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.33474/yur.v4i1.9164
Marwan, A., Garduño, D. O.-C., & Bonfigli, F. (2022). Detection of Digital Law Issues and Implication for Good Governance Policy in Indonesia. BESTUUR, 10(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i1.59143
Pujiyono, P., Pranoto, P., Pati, U. K., & Tejomurti, K. (2021). The Prevention of The Hoaxes Spreads in Papua. Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Hukum, 6(2), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.22515/alahkam.v6i2.3997
Rambe, R. F. A. K., Sihombing, M. A. A., & Winata P, N. (2024). Implikasi Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Hukum Pidana. Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum, 11(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.31289/jiph.v11i1.11182
Saputra, T. E. (2024). Penggunaan Rekam Medis Elektronik dalam Mewujudkan Perlindungan Hukum Keamanan Data Pribadi Pasien. Fundamental: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 13(2), 57–75. https://doi.org/10.34304/jf.v13i2.276
Sari, A. P., Munawar, A., & Rahmathoni, L. Y. (2023). Analisis Hukum terhadap Perlindungan Whistleblower dalam Mendukung Kebebasan Berpendapat di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 4(7). https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v4i7.791
Sari, I., & Zamzani, D. (2021). Cybercrime As a Potential Criminal Act of Violation the ITE Law on Social Media: A Forensic Linguistic Study in Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 11(9), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.11.09.2021.p11747
Shinta Utami Nur Agustin, I., & Michael, T. (2022). Pencemaran Nama Baik Oleh Warganet Dalam Pasal 27 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. COURT REVIEW: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum (e-ISSN: 2776-1916), 2(04), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.69957/cr.v2i04.354
Tjoneng, A. (2020). Implementation Law Issues Of Supreme Court Regulation No. 4 Of 2019 About Perma Revision No. 2 Of 2015 About Small Calim Court Resolution Procedures And Its Settlement Efforts. Veteran Law Review, 3(2), 94. https://doi.org/10.35586/velrev.v3i2.2110
Utama, T. S. J. (2020). ‘Hukum Yang Hidup’ Dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (Kuhp): Antara Akomodasi Dan Negasi. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 49(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.49.1.2020.14-25
Widiastutik, S., Pradhana, A. A. S., & Aryani, I. G. A. I. (2022). Building a National Commitment Against Hoax Threats for Indonesian Sovereignty. Journal of Digital Law and Policy, 1(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.58982/jdlp.v1i3.249
Widodo, W., Budoyo, S., Windi Pratama, T. G., & Soeprijanto, T. (2019). HOAX DI INDONESIA : SUATU KAJIAN. Jurnal Meta Yuridis, 69–79. https://doi.org/10.26877/m-y.v2i2.4691
Winata, M. R., Sinaga, E. M. C., Sabila, S., & Yulistyaputri, R. (2020). Criminal Legal Policy And Unconstitutionality On Contempt Of Ruler Or Public Body. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 9(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.9.1.2020.71-98
Yilmaz, I., Triwibowo, W., Bachtiar, H., & Barton, G. (2024). Competing Populisms, Digital Technologies and the 2024 Elections in Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.55271/pp0029
Yvonny, Y., & Alhakim, A. (2022). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Atas Maraknya Tindak Penipuan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Melalui SMS di Indonesia. Wajah Hukum, 6(2), 258. https://doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v6i2.930
Zolotar, O. O., Zaitsev, M. M., Topolnitskyi, V. V., Bieliakov, K. I., & Koropatnik, I. M. (2022). Prospects and Current Status of Defence Information Security in Ukraine. Hasanuddin Law Review, 8(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v8i1.3582