Main Article Content
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji relevansi praktik hukum adat waris Manggarai terhadap prinsip keadilan dan hak asasi manusia dalam sistem hukum nasional. Hipotesis penelitian berangkat dari asumsi bahwa meskipun hukum adat Manggarai bersifat patrilineal dan menempatkan anak laki-laki sebagai ahli waris utama, terdapat ruang transformatif yang memungkinkan adaptasi terhadap nilai kesetaraan.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain etnografis dan analisis hermeneutik serta fenomenologis. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipatif di tiga wilayah kabupaten di Manggarai dengan melibatkan informan dari kalangan tokoh adat, masyarakat, dan keluarga pelaku praktik waris.
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pergeseran makna dalam praktik waris, di mana sebagian masyarakat mulai mengakui hak anak perempuan, baik secara langsung maupun melalui mekanisme pengangkatan kerabat laki-laki sebagai pewaris. Perubahan ini didorong oleh kesadaran internal masyarakat terhadap prinsip keadilan distributif dan nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia.
Implikasi: Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum adat dapat bertransformasi secara progresif tanpa kehilangan identitas budaya lokalnya. Implikasi dari penelitian ini penting bagi penyusunan kebijakan hukum nasional yang menghormati hukum adat sekaligus menjamin prinsip keadilan substantif.
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References
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- Aulia, M. Z. (2018). Hukum Progresif dari Satjipto Rahardjo. Undang: Jurnal Hukum, 1(1), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.22437/ujh.1.1.159-185
- Bakri, S.-, & Mangkachi, R. I. (2021). Dialectics Of Pesantren And Social Communities In Cultural Value Transformation. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 1(1), 69–87. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v1i1.2670
- Dwipayana, A., & Astawan, N. (2021). The Domination Of Patriarchism In Inheritance Customary Systems. RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 14(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v14i1.13874
- Faridha, E., Wiranata, I. G. A., & Rodliyah, N. (2024). Analysis Of Inheritance Distribution Among Minang Community Against High Heritage And Low Heritage. Indonesia Private Law Review, 5(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v5i2.3463
- Firdaus, F. (2015). Puar Cama Untuk Anak Cucu: Kearifan Lokal Untuk Sustainability Forest Di Manggarai Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.22202/mamangan.v1i1.91
- Firdawaty, L., Munji, A., Sukandi, A., Bukhari, N., & Apriani, I. (2023). Husein Muhammad’s Thoughts on Gender Equality in Islamic Inheritance Law. Al-’Adalah, 19(2), 223–244. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v19i2.13123
- Hasan, M. (2023). Construction of Modern Islamic Inheritance Law based on Ijtihad of the Judges at the Religious Court of Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 7(2), 650. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.8852
- HM, M. S., Syafiah, S., & Usman, U. (2024). Menjaga Tradisi: Dinamika Hukum Adat Dalam Perkawinan Di Asia Tenggara. Nusantara; Journal for Southeast Asian Islamic Studies, 20(2), 128. https://doi.org/10.24014/nusantara.v20i2.34723
- Holden, L. (2020). Cultural Expertise and Law: An Historical Overview. Law and History Review, 38(1), 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/S073824801900049X
- Ilyas, A., Prasetio, D. E., & Bakker, F. F. (2021). Membangun Moralitas Dan Hukum Sebagai Integrative Mechanism Di Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Hukum Progresif. Mimbar Keadilan, 14(2), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v14i2.4694
- Ilyas, Ichsan, N., Nasir, C., Hasmiati Attas, N., & Saputra, T. E. (2022). Restorative Justice Institutions Model for Resolving Problems and Conflicts in Mining Businesses and Environmental Management. Journal of Indonesian Scholars for Social Research, 2(2), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.59065/jissr.v2i2.145
- Indarti, E. (2018). Progressive Law Revealed: A Legal Philosophical Overview. Diponegoro Law Review, 3(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.3.1.2018.28-42
- Insani, N., B., S., Karimullah, S. S., Gönan, Y., & Sulastri, S. (2024). Islamic Law And Local Wisdom: Exploring Legal Scientific Potential In Integrating Local Cultural Values. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 26(1), 101–124. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v26i1.32930
- Kartika, N. (2021). Analysis Of Legal Aspects On Sale And Purchase Of High Heritage Land Disputes. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects), 2(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.53695/injects.v2i1.230
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- Lubis, R., & Safithri, H. (2021). Legal Protection Of Ulayat Rights. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 21(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v21i1.6627
- Mbilinau, A., Aloysius, S., & Hedewata, A. (2023). Inhibiting Factors in the Distribution of Inheritance Rights for Girls According to East Sumba Customs in Wudipandak Village, East Sumba Regency. Indonesian Journal of Economic & Management Sciences, 1(4), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijems.v1i4.5368
- Poespasari, D. E. D., Erlangga, A. S., & Soelistyowati, D. (2023). The Existence Of Customary Inheritance Law Norm Development In Jurisprudence Supreme Court. Journal of Law Theory and Law Enforcement, 85–101. https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v2i2.326
- Rahmad, N., & Hafis, W. (2021). Hukum Progresif Dan Relevansinya Pada Penalaran Hukum Di Indonesia. El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(2), 34–50. https://doi.org/10.56874/el-ahli.v1i2.133
- Renda, R., Sumaryadi, & Sa’diyah, H. (2021). Wedding Procession of Sasak Ethnic Group as Presented in the Cilokaq Text Titled ‘ Ngiring Penganten ’ (The Bridal Parade): A Review Based on Dilthey’s Hermeneutics. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210602.001
- Sahertian, P., & Effendi, Y. R. (2022). The role of principal transformational leadership based on Lonto Leok culture Manggarai community for strengthening student character. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 35(3), 321–338. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V35I32022.321-338
- Sari, A. E. E., Gassing, A. Q., & Misbahudin, M. (2022). Legal Pluralism of the Ammatoa (Ilalang Embaya) Indigenous Community in Marriage Aspects (Analysis Study of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah). Transformatif, 6(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.23971/tf.v6i2.3577
- Singh, S. (2010). Eugen Ehrlich’s “Living Law” and its Legacy for Legal Pluralism. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1660606
- Soekorini, N., & . H. (2022). Restorative Justice in the Application of Criminal Law. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i15.12135
- Supraptiningsih, U., Jubba, H., Hariyanto, E., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). Inequality as a cultural construction: Women’s access to land rights in Madurese society. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2194733
- Utami, I. (2020). The Role Of Women In The Family Against The Distribution Of Inheritance In The City Of Palembang. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 20(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v20i1.4366
- Wahyuni, A., & Nurman, N. (2019). Dampak Perkawinan Adat Antar Etnis Mandailing dengan Etnis Minangkabau Terhadap Kekerabatan dan Hak Waris Anak di Kabupaten Pasaman. Journal of Civic Education, 2(5), 380–389. https://doi.org/10.24036/jce.v2i5.279
- Zainul Erfan, Ahmadi Hasan, & Masyithah Umar. (2023). Menelisik Harta Perpantangan: Menggali Nilai Keadilan Distributif Dalam Adat Banjar. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory, 1(4), 694–717. https://doi.org/10.62976/ijijel.v1i4.197
References
Apriani, N., & Hanafiah, N. S. (2022). Telaah Eksistensi Hukum Adat pada Hukum Positif Indonesia dalam Perspektif Aliran Sociological Jurisprudence. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 3(3), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v3i3.226
Aulia, M. Z. (2018). Hukum Progresif dari Satjipto Rahardjo. Undang: Jurnal Hukum, 1(1), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.22437/ujh.1.1.159-185
Bakri, S.-, & Mangkachi, R. I. (2021). Dialectics Of Pesantren And Social Communities In Cultural Value Transformation. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 1(1), 69–87. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v1i1.2670
Dwipayana, A., & Astawan, N. (2021). The Domination Of Patriarchism In Inheritance Customary Systems. RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 14(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v14i1.13874
Faridha, E., Wiranata, I. G. A., & Rodliyah, N. (2024). Analysis Of Inheritance Distribution Among Minang Community Against High Heritage And Low Heritage. Indonesia Private Law Review, 5(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v5i2.3463
Firdaus, F. (2015). Puar Cama Untuk Anak Cucu: Kearifan Lokal Untuk Sustainability Forest Di Manggarai Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.22202/mamangan.v1i1.91
Firdawaty, L., Munji, A., Sukandi, A., Bukhari, N., & Apriani, I. (2023). Husein Muhammad’s Thoughts on Gender Equality in Islamic Inheritance Law. Al-’Adalah, 19(2), 223–244. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v19i2.13123
Hasan, M. (2023). Construction of Modern Islamic Inheritance Law based on Ijtihad of the Judges at the Religious Court of Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 7(2), 650. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.8852
HM, M. S., Syafiah, S., & Usman, U. (2024). Menjaga Tradisi: Dinamika Hukum Adat Dalam Perkawinan Di Asia Tenggara. Nusantara; Journal for Southeast Asian Islamic Studies, 20(2), 128. https://doi.org/10.24014/nusantara.v20i2.34723
Holden, L. (2020). Cultural Expertise and Law: An Historical Overview. Law and History Review, 38(1), 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/S073824801900049X
Ilyas, A., Prasetio, D. E., & Bakker, F. F. (2021). Membangun Moralitas Dan Hukum Sebagai Integrative Mechanism Di Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Hukum Progresif. Mimbar Keadilan, 14(2), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v14i2.4694
Ilyas, Ichsan, N., Nasir, C., Hasmiati Attas, N., & Saputra, T. E. (2022). Restorative Justice Institutions Model for Resolving Problems and Conflicts in Mining Businesses and Environmental Management. Journal of Indonesian Scholars for Social Research, 2(2), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.59065/jissr.v2i2.145
Indarti, E. (2018). Progressive Law Revealed: A Legal Philosophical Overview. Diponegoro Law Review, 3(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.3.1.2018.28-42
Insani, N., B., S., Karimullah, S. S., Gönan, Y., & Sulastri, S. (2024). Islamic Law And Local Wisdom: Exploring Legal Scientific Potential In Integrating Local Cultural Values. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 26(1), 101–124. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v26i1.32930
Kartika, N. (2021). Analysis Of Legal Aspects On Sale And Purchase Of High Heritage Land Disputes. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects), 2(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.53695/injects.v2i1.230
Lestari, D., & Jaya, D. P. (2022). Dualisme Sistem Pewarisan Menurut Hukum Perdata dan Hukum Adat Muko-Muko. Berasan: Journal of Islamic Civil Law, 1(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.29240/berasan.v1i2.6040
Lubis, R., & Safithri, H. (2021). Legal Protection Of Ulayat Rights. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 21(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v21i1.6627
Mbilinau, A., Aloysius, S., & Hedewata, A. (2023). Inhibiting Factors in the Distribution of Inheritance Rights for Girls According to East Sumba Customs in Wudipandak Village, East Sumba Regency. Indonesian Journal of Economic & Management Sciences, 1(4), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijems.v1i4.5368
Poespasari, D. E. D., Erlangga, A. S., & Soelistyowati, D. (2023). The Existence Of Customary Inheritance Law Norm Development In Jurisprudence Supreme Court. Journal of Law Theory and Law Enforcement, 85–101. https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v2i2.326
Rahmad, N., & Hafis, W. (2021). Hukum Progresif Dan Relevansinya Pada Penalaran Hukum Di Indonesia. El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(2), 34–50. https://doi.org/10.56874/el-ahli.v1i2.133
Renda, R., Sumaryadi, & Sa’diyah, H. (2021). Wedding Procession of Sasak Ethnic Group as Presented in the Cilokaq Text Titled ‘ Ngiring Penganten ’ (The Bridal Parade): A Review Based on Dilthey’s Hermeneutics. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210602.001
Sahertian, P., & Effendi, Y. R. (2022). The role of principal transformational leadership based on Lonto Leok culture Manggarai community for strengthening student character. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 35(3), 321–338. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V35I32022.321-338
Sari, A. E. E., Gassing, A. Q., & Misbahudin, M. (2022). Legal Pluralism of the Ammatoa (Ilalang Embaya) Indigenous Community in Marriage Aspects (Analysis Study of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah). Transformatif, 6(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.23971/tf.v6i2.3577
Singh, S. (2010). Eugen Ehrlich’s “Living Law” and its Legacy for Legal Pluralism. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1660606
Soekorini, N., & . H. (2022). Restorative Justice in the Application of Criminal Law. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i15.12135
Supraptiningsih, U., Jubba, H., Hariyanto, E., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). Inequality as a cultural construction: Women’s access to land rights in Madurese society. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2194733
Utami, I. (2020). The Role Of Women In The Family Against The Distribution Of Inheritance In The City Of Palembang. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 20(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v20i1.4366
Wahyuni, A., & Nurman, N. (2019). Dampak Perkawinan Adat Antar Etnis Mandailing dengan Etnis Minangkabau Terhadap Kekerabatan dan Hak Waris Anak di Kabupaten Pasaman. Journal of Civic Education, 2(5), 380–389. https://doi.org/10.24036/jce.v2i5.279
Zainul Erfan, Ahmadi Hasan, & Masyithah Umar. (2023). Menelisik Harta Perpantangan: Menggali Nilai Keadilan Distributif Dalam Adat Banjar. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory, 1(4), 694–717. https://doi.org/10.62976/ijijel.v1i4.197